Compare Christmas Island (2002) - Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2008)

Compare Christmas Island (2002) z Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2008)

	Christmas Island (2002)	Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of Australia)	-
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	-
Agriculture - products	NA	-
Airports	1 (2001)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)	-
Area	total: 135 sq km land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 412 sq km land: 412 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC	slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement was begun by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.	These uninhabited, barren, sub-Antarctic islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	-
Budget	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA	-
Capital	The Settlement	-
Climate	tropical; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds	antarctic
Coastline	80 km	101.9 km
Constitution	NA	-
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island conventional short form: Christmas Island	conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands abbreviation: HIMI
Currency	Australian dollar (AUD)	-
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	-
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	-
Economy - overview	Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, slated to begin operation in 2003.	The islands have no indigenous economic activity, but the Australian Government allows limited fishing in the surrounding waters.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	-
Electricity - production	NA kWh	-
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Murray Hill 361 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Ethnic groups	Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10% note: no indigenous population (2001)	-
Exchange rates	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia	-
Exports	$NA	-
Exports - commodities	phosphate	-
Exports - partners	Australia, NZ	-
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	-
Flag description	the flag of Australia is used; note - in early 1986, the Christmas Island Assembly held a design competition for an island flag, however, the winning design has never been formally adopted as the official flag of the territory	the flag of Australia is used
GDP	purchasing power parity - $NA	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $NA	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	-
Geographic coordinates	10 30 S, 105 40 E	53 06 S, 72 31 E
Geography - note	located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean	-
Highways	total: 140 km (not including 100 km that is maintained by private industry) paved: 30 km unpaved: 110 km (1999)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$NA	-
Imports - commodities	consumer goods	-
Imports - partners	principally Australia	-
Independence	none (territory of Australia)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)	-
Infant mortality rate	NA deaths/1,000 live births	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	-
International organization participation	none	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court	-
Labor force	NA	-
Labor force - by occupation	tourism 400 people, mining 100 people (1995)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% note: mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	English (official), Chinese, Malay	-
Legal system	under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law	the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve one-year terms) elections: last held NA December 2001 (next to be held NA December 2002) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	-
Literacy	NA	-
Location	Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia	islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica
Map references	Southeast Asia	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	contiguous zone: 12 NM exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia	defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols
National holiday	NA	-
Nationality	noun: Christmas Islander(s) adjective: Christmas Island	-
Natural hazards	the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard	Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island
Natural resources	phosphate, beaches	fish
Net migration rate	NA migrant(s)/1,000 population	-
Political parties and leaders	none	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	-
Population	474 (July 2002 est.)	uninhabited
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	-9% (2002 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Flying Fish Cove	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)	-
Radios	1,000 (1997)	-
Railways	24 km to serve phosphate mines	-
Religions	Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)	-
Sex ratio	NA	-
Telephone system	general assessment: service provided by the Australian network domestic: only analog mobile telephone service is available international: satellite earth stations - one Intelsat earth station provides telephone and telex service (2000)	-
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	-
Television broadcast stations	NA	-
Terrain	steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau	Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	-
Unemployment rate	NA%	-
Waterways	none	-

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